119th Congress (2025-2026)

HR 180

Endangered Species Transparency and Reasonableness Act of 2025

In Committee

Jurisdiction

US Congress

Session

119th Congress (2025-2026)

Official source

Chamber

House

Session

119th Congress (2025-2026)

Jurisdiction

US Congress

Bill overview

The Endangered Species Transparency and Reasonableness Act of 2025 aims to increase openness and accountability in the process of determining whether a species is endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act. It requires federal agencies to publicly release the scientific and commercial data used to make these decisions, and to provide affected states with relevant information before making a determination. Additionally, the bill mandates the disclosure of federal spending related to lawsuits under the Endangered Species Act, and clarifies the criteria for determining ‘best scientific and commercial data available.’

Key provisions

Requires federal agencies (FWS and NMFS) to publish the data used to determine if a species is endangered or threatened online.
Requires agencies to provide affected states with all data used in determining if a species is endangered or threatened.
Establishes a searchable online database of federal expenditures related to Endangered Species Act litigation.
Defines ‘best scientific and commercial data available’ to include data submitted by state, tribal, and local governments.
Mandates that the Department of the Interior create and maintain an online database of federal expenditures related to ESA litigation.
Limits attorney’s fees in ESA citizen suits to prevailing parties.
Clarifies the definition of ‘covered agency’ for the purposes of expenditure reporting.
Specifies the types of information to be included in the annual report on federal expenditures.

Who is affected

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Legislative history

2025-01-03House

Referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources.

2025-01-03

Introduced in House

2025-01-03

Introduced in House

2025-07-16House

Referred to the Subcommittee on Water, Wildlife and Fisheries.

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Jan 3, 2025XMLView source

119th CONGRESS — 1st Session

H. R. 180

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

A BILL

To amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 to require publication on the internet of the basis for determinations that species are endangered species or threatened species, and for other purposes.

1.Short title

This Act may be cited as the

Endangered Species Transparency and Reasonableness Act of 2025

2.Requirement to publish on the internet the basis for listings

Section 4(b) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1533(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

(9)The Secretary shall make publicly available on the internet the best scientific and commercial data available that are the basis for each regulation, including each proposed regulation, promulgated under subsection (a)(1), except that—

(A)

at the request of a Governor, State agency, or legislature of a State, the Secretary shall not make information available under this paragraph if such State determines that public disclosure of such information is prohibited by a law or regulation of such State, including any law or regulation requiring the protection of personal information; and

(B)

within 30 days after the date of the enactment of this paragraph, the Secretary shall execute an agreement with the Secretary of Defense that prevents the disclosure of classified information pertaining to Department of Defense personnel, facilities, lands, or waters.

3.Decisional transparency and use of State, tribal, and local information

(a)Requiring decisional transparency with affected States

Section 6(a) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1535(a)) is amended—

(1)by inserting (1) before the first sentence; and

(2)by striking Such cooperation shall include and inserting the following:

(2)Such cooperation shall include—

(A)before making a determination under section 4(a), providing to States affected by such determination all data that is the basis of the determination; and

(B)

(b)Ensuring use of State, tribal, and local information

Section 3 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1532) is amended—

(1)

by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (10) as paragraphs (3) through (11), respectively; and

(2)

by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:

(2)

The term best scientific and commercial data available includes all such data submitted by a State, Tribal, or county government.

4.Disclosure of expenditures under Endangered Species Act of 1973

(a)Requirement To disclose

Section 13 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (87 Stat. 902; relating to conforming amendments which have executed) is amended to read as follows:

13.Disclosure of expenditures

(a)Requirement

The Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, shall—

(1)not later than 90 days after the end of each fiscal year, submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an annual report detailing Federal Government expenditures for covered suits during the preceding fiscal year (including the information described in subsection (b)); and

(2)

make publicly available through the internet a searchable database, updated monthly, of the information described in subsection (b).

(b)Included information

The report shall include—

(1)the case name and number of each covered suit, and a hyperlink to the settlement decisions, final decision, consent decrees, stipulations of dismissal, releases, interim decisions, motions to dismiss, partial motions for summary judgement, or related final documents;

(2)a description of each claim or cause of action in each covered suit;

(3)the name of each covered agency whose actions give rise to any claim in a covered suit and each plaintiff in such suit;

(4)funds expended by each covered agency (disaggregated by agency account) to receive and respond to notices referred to in section 11(g)(2) or to prepare for litigation of, litigate, negotiate a settlement agreement or consent decree in, or provide material, technical, or other assistance in relation to, a covered suit;

(5)

the number of full-time equivalent employees that participated in the activities described in paragraph (4);

(6)any information required to be published under section 1304 of title 31, United States Code, with respect to a covered suit;

(7)attorneys fees and other expenses (disaggregated by agency account) awarded in covered suits, including any consent decrees or settlement agreements (regardless of whether a decree or settlement agreement is sealed or otherwise subject to nondisclosure provisions), including the bases for such awards; and

(8)any Federal funding used by a person or a governmental or nongovernmental entity in bringing a claim in a covered suit.

(c)Requirement To provide information

The head of each covered agency shall provide to the Secretary in a timely manner all information requested by the Secretary to comply with the requirements of this section.

(d)Limitation on disclosure

Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, this section shall not affect any restriction in a consent decree or settlement agreement on the disclosure of information that is not described in subsection (b).

(e)Definitions

(1)Covered agencyThe term covered agency means any agency of the Department of the Interior, the Forest Service, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Marine Fisheries Service, the Bonneville Power Administration, the Western Area Power Administration, the Southwestern Power Administration, or the Southeastern Power Administration.

(2)Covered suitThe term covered suit means—

(A)

any civil action containing any claim arising under this Act against the Federal Government and based on the action of a covered agency; and

(B)

any administrative proceeding under which the United States awards fees and other expenses to a third party under section 504 of title 5, United States Code.

(b)Clerical amendment

The table of contents in the first section of such Act is amended by striking the item relating to section 13 and inserting the following:

Sec. 13. Disclosure of expenditures.

(c)Prior amendments not affected

This section shall not be construed to affect the amendments made by section 13 of such Act, as in effect before the enactment of this Act.

5.Award of litigation costs to prevailing parties in accordance with existing law

Section 11(g)(4) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1540(g)(4)) is amended by striking to any and all that follows through the end of the sentence and inserting in accordance with section 2412 of title 28, United States Code and section 504 of title 5, United States Code..

HR 180

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