119th Congress (2025-2026)

HR 5288

AI Sovereignty Act

Introduced

Jurisdiction

US Congress

Session

119th Congress (2025-2026)

Official source

Chamber

House

Session

119th Congress (2025-2026)

Jurisdiction

US Congress

Bill overview

The AI Sovereignty Act directs the Secretary of Commerce to investigate and report on the trends of artificial intelligence technology development, particularly concerning offshore development and research. The report will identify locations where this activity is occurring, partnerships involved, and potential risks to national security, the economy, and allies. It also aims to develop strategies to discourage offshore development, strengthen domestic capabilities, and oversee acquisitions of intellectual property by foreign entities.

Key provisions

Identifies locations of offshore AI technology development and research.
Examines partnerships between domestic and foreign entities involved in this development.
Tracks the movement of foreign nationals with expertise in AI within the United States.
Assesses the impact of offshore development on the national economy, national security, and geopolitical stability.
Recommends strategies to disincentivize offshore development and strengthen domestic AI development.
Requires annual updates to strategies based on evolving trends.
Defines ‘critical artificial intelligence technologies’ to include specific hardware, software, and data models.
Prohibits the inclusion of personally identifiable information in reports.

Who is affected

The Department of Commerce
Domestic technology companies
Foreign governments and entities
U.S. workforce
National security agencies

Notable changes

Positions across the country

No public positions recorded for this legislation.

Arguments in favor

Reasons to support this legislation.

No arguments in favor have been submitted.

Submit yours

Arguments opposed

Reasons to oppose this legislation.

No arguments opposed have been submitted.

Submit yours

Legislative history

2025-09-10House

Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

2025-09-10House

2025-09-10

Introduced in House

Read the latest version inline or switch to a previous version.

Sep 10, 2025XMLView source

119th CONGRESS — 1st Session

H. R. 5288

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

A BILL

To direct the Secretary of Commerce to submit reports on strategies regarding the development of, and research relating to, critical artificial intelligence technologies, and for other purposes.

1.Short title

This Act may be cited as the

AI Sovereignty Act

2.Reports on strategies regarding the development of, and research relating to, critical artificial intelligence technologies

(a)Initial report

(1)In generalNot later than 240 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security, shall carry out the following:

(A)

To the extent practicable, identify the following:

(i)Each location to which the development of, and research relating to, critical artificial intelligence technologies is being offshored.

(ii)

Partnerships between domestic entities and foreign entities for such offshore development and research.

(iii)Any reshoring of such offshored development and research.

(iv)The role of foreign nationals who receive in the United States an education or work experience in the development of, and research relating to, such technologies, and subsequently work for foreign entities, including adversaries of the United States, in fields relating to such technologies.

(v)

The role of private sector officials and public sector officials who are American and work for such foreign entities.

(vi)The domestic assets, including intellectual property, for such development and research that such foreign entities have acquired, including by means of a bankruptcy or distressed asset sale.

(vii)

The trends from such date of enactment to a date that is not earlier than 30 years after such date of enactment with respect to the following:

(I)Such offshore development and research.

(II)

Such technologies.

(III)

Global investment in such technologies.

(IV)

Workforce migration as a result of such offshore development and research.

(V)

The geopolitical risk posed by such offshore development and research.

(viii)Any similarities or differences, as the case may be, between the United States and foreign countries in such technologies, including with respect to the following:

(I)

Utilization and availability of large language models.

(II)

Research platforms that support such technologies.

(B)Conduct an assessment of the implications to or on, as the case may be, the following as a result of such offshore development and research:

(i)

The national economy.

(ii)

National security.

(iii)

Allies and partners of the United States.

(iv)Adversaries of the United States, including the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the People’s Republic of China, and the Russian Federation, and the proxies of such adversaries.

(v)

Geopolitically vulnerable markets, including Taiwan.

(C)

Based upon such identifications and assessments, identify and, as appropriate, recommend strategies for the following:

(i)

Disincentivizing such offshore development and research.

(ii)

Strengthening domestic development of, and research relating to, such technologies.

(iii)

Strengthening governmental oversight of acquisitions described in subparagraph (A)(vi).

(iv)

Reducing the incidence of such acquisitions.

(D)

Submit to Congress and publish in the Federal Register a report that includes information relating to the following:

(i)

The identifications made pursuant to subparagraph (A).

(ii)

The assessments conducted pursuant to subparagraph (B).

(iii)

Each strategy identified pursuant to subparagraph (C).

(iv)

Each strategy recommended pursuant to such subparagraph and, for each such strategy, recommendations on policy to implement such strategy.

(2)ProhibitionThe Secretary of Commerce may not include in the report under paragraph (1) personally identifiable information of the foreign nationals described in subparagraph (A)(iv) of such paragraph or the officials described in subparagraph (A)(v) of such paragraph.

(b)Subsequent reports

(1)In generalNot later than one year after the report under subsection (a) is submitted and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security, shall determine whether the strategies submitted in such report are outdated.

(2)Updated strategiesIf the Secretary of Commerce, pursuant to paragraph (1) or (3), as the case may be, makes a determination in the affirmative pursuant to either of such paragraphs, the Secretary shall submit to Congress and publish in the Federal Register a report that includes information relating to updated strategies.

(3)Further determinationsIf a report is submitted pursuant to paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce, not later than one year after such submission and annually thereafter, shall make a determination described in paragraph (1).

(c)Consultation

In carrying out this section, the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security, shall consult with the heads of other Federal agencies and departments, as appropriate.

(d)DefinitionsIn this section:

(1)Critical artificial intelligence technologiesThe term critical artificial intelligence technologies means any hardware, software, or data models relating to artificial intelligence, including the following:

(A)

High-performance semiconductors.

(B)Neural processing units.

(C)Deep learning processors.

(D)Application-specific integrated circuits.

(E)Field-programmable gate arrays.

(F)

Hardware accelerators.

(G)Software frameworks.

(H)

Inference stacks.

(I)Data models for any of the following:

(i)

Facilitating research and development.

(ii)

National intelligence and surveillance.

(iii)

National defense.

(iv)

Advanced mathematics.

(2)Foreign entity

The term foreign entity means a corporation, partnership, or other entity that satisfies any of the following requirements:

(A)

Is organized under the laws of a foreign country.

(B)

Has a principal place of business located outside of the United States.

HR 5288

Bill overview

Key provisions

Who is affected

Notable changes

Sponsors

Primary sponsor

Cosponsors

Positions across the country

Arguments in favor

Arguments opposed

Bill text

Positions across the country