S 1626
National Landslide Preparedness Act Reauthorization Act of 2025
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Bill overview
This bill reauthorizes the National Landslide Preparedness Act, aiming to improve the nation’s ability to understand and mitigate landslide hazards. It updates definitions related to atmospheric river flooding and extreme precipitation events, strengthens the National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program by emphasizing contribution to protection, and enhances the National Landslide Hazards Database to identify high-risk areas. The reauthorization also focuses on community preparedness, particularly involving Native Hawaiian organizations and Tribal governments, and supports regional partnerships for landslide research and monitoring.
Key provisions
- Defines ‘atmospheric river,’ ‘atmospheric river flooding event,’ and ‘extreme precipitation event’ for use in flood level observation and decision support.
- Strengthens the National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program to ‘contribute to protecting’ communities from landslides.
- Enhances the National Landslide Hazards Database to identify areas at risk from various factors, including hydrology, atmospheric events, and geologic activity.
- Prioritizes community engagement, specifically involving Native Hawaiian organizations and Tribal governments, in landslide preparedness efforts.
- Establishes regional partnerships to leverage expertise and coordinate landslide research and monitoring.
- Increases funding for the National Landslide Preparedness Act through 2030.
- Updates the 3D elevation program to include derivative data and establishes a coordinating committee.
- Modifies grant programs to prioritize research, mapping, and assessment in high-risk regions.
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119th CONGRESS — 1st Session
S. 1626
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
A BILL
To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other purposes.
This Act may be cited as the National Landslide Preparedness Act Reauthorization Act of 2025
.
by inserting before paragraph (4) (as so redesignated) the following:
The term atmospheric river means a transient corridor of strong water vapor in the atmosphere that—
produces significant quantities of rain or snow; and
may be primarily beneficial to the water supply or hazardous due to flooding.
The term atmospheric river flooding event means an atmospheric river that—
results in flooding of rivers and streams or other hazards to human life, property, or the economy; and
is of particular concern to human health, property, and the economy, as determined by the Secretary of Commerce.
The term extreme precipitation event means precipitation quantities exceeding the 5-year annual recurrence interval for a specific location.
Section 12(d)(1) of the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(d)(1)) is amended by inserting , such as precipitation resulting from hurricanes, atmospheric river flooding events, and extreme precipitation events
before the period at the end.
Section 2 of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3101) is amended—
by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (11) as paragraphs (7), (8), (10), (11), (13), (14), (15), and (16), respectively;
by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
The term atmospheric river has the meaning given the term in section 12(a) of the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(a)).
The term atmospheric river flooding event has the meaning given the term in section 12(a) of the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(a)).
The term extreme precipitation event has the meaning given the term in section 12(a) of the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(a)).
by inserting after paragraph (8), as so redesignated, the following:
The term institution of higher education has the meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
by inserting after paragraph (11), as so redesignated, the following:
The term Native Hawaiian organization has the meaning given the term in section 6207 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517), except that the term includes the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands and the Office of Hawaiian Affairs.
by adding at the end the following:
The term Tribal organization has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
Section 3(a)(3) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(a)(3)) is amended by striking protect
and inserting contribute to protecting
.
implementand inserting
disseminate.
Section 3(b)(2) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(2)) is amended—
by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so redesignated), by striking Not later than
and inserting the following:
Not later than
by adding at the end the following:
For purposes of the first national strategy published after the date of enactment of the
National Landslide Preparedness Act Reauthorization Act of 2025
under subparagraph (A), the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, shall include an assessment of the risks that atmospheric river flooding events and extreme precipitation events pose to the safety of life and property in the United States with respect to landslide hazards.Section 3(b)(3) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(3)) is amended—
by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively; and
by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
the identification of areas in need of additional hazard risk assessment, including areas that may be at risk due to—
hydrology or changes in hydrology that may include erosion, drought, or other characteristics that could impact landslide risk;
geologic activity, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or tsunamis; or
data-poor areas or hazards with poor monitoring that could contribute to increased landslide risk;
Section 3(b)(4) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(4)) is amended—
in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting Native Hawaiian organizations and other stakeholders, as appropriate,
before and Indian tribes
;
in subparagraph (A)—
in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking local, and Tribal governments and decisionmakers
and inserting and local governments, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, Native Hawaiian organizations, and other decisionmakers
;
by striking clause (iii) and inserting the following:
health and safety with respect to landslides;
by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (v); and
by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
reducing losses from landslides, including the threats caused by atmospheric rivers and other extreme precipitation events; and
in subparagraph (B)—
in clause (i), by striking local, and Tribal officials
and inserting and local officials, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations
; and
in clause (ii), by striking local, and Tribal emergency managers
and inserting and local emergency managers and emergency managers of Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations
.
Section 3(b)(5) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(5)) is amended—
in subparagraph (B), by striking State, territorial, local, and Tribal governments
and inserting State, territorial, and local governments, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations
;
by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so redesignated), by striking In carrying out
and inserting the following:
In carrying out
by adding at the end the following:
In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Secretary may consult with an institution of higher education described in subsection (d)(2)(B)(iv) and other stakeholders to establish and support emergency response procedures, as appropriate.
Section 3(b)(6) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(6)) is amended—
by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so redesignated), by striking In carrying
and inserting the following:
Native Hawaiian organizations,before
and Indian tribes;
in clause (ii) (as so redesignated), by striking and
at the end;
in clause (iii) (as so redesignated), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and
; and
by adding at the end the following:
to improve real-time risk management during landslide events, including with respect to landslide events caused by—
hydrology or changes in hydrology that may include erosion, drought, or other characteristics that could impact landslide risk;
atmospheric river flooding events and extreme precipitation events, as identified by the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary;
geologic activity, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or tsunamis;
data-poor areas or hazards with poor monitoring that could contribute to increased landslide risk; or
by adding at the end the following:
In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Secretary may consult with an institution of higher education described in subsection (d)(2)(B)(iv) and the private sector.
Section 3(c)(2) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(c)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Section 3(d)(2)(B) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(d)(2)(B)) is amended—
in clause (iii), by striking geological
; and
local, and Tribal emergency management agenciesand inserting
and local emergency management agencies and emergency management agencies of Indian tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations.
Section 3 of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended—
by redesignating subsections (e) through (i) as subsections (f) through (j), respectively; and
by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
As soon as practicable after the date of enactment of the
National Landslide Preparedness Act Reauthorization Act of 2025
, the Secretary shall establish in the State of Alaska and other regions, as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, a regional partnership with an eligible partner described in paragraph (2).An organization or institution of higher education with expertise in landslide mapping, research, and monitoring shall be eligible for a regional partnership under paragraph (1).
A regional partnership established under paragraph (1) shall—
allow the Secretary to leverage applicable expertise in regional organizations;
coordinate long-term landslide research specific to the applicable region; and
align interagency landslide monitoring efforts.
Section 3 of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in paragraph (1) of subsection (f) (as so redesignated)—
in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking local, and Tribal governments to research, map, assess
and inserting and local governments, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations to research, map, assess, monitor
;
in subparagraph (B)—
in clause (i), by inserting institutions of higher education described in subsection (d)(2)(B)(iv),
before and Indian tribes
; and
in clause (ii)—
by inserting after subclause (I) the following:
in regions that have recently experienced loss of life due to landslides;
in subparagraph (C)—
in clause (i), by inserting awarded
after grants
; and
in clause (ii), by striking made
and inserting or other accomplishments resulting
.
Section 3 of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in subsection (h)(3) (as so redesignated), by striking local, and Tribal partners
and inserting and local partners, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations
.
Section 3 of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in subsection (i) (as so redesignated)—
in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 2024
and inserting 2030
; and
in paragraph (1), by striking there is authorized to be appropriated to the United States Geological Survey, $25,000,000 to carry out this section
and inserting from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the United States Geological Survey, $35,000,000 shall be used to carry out this section, of which not less than $10,000,000 shall be used for the purchase, deployment, and repair of landslide early warning systems in high risk areas
.
and derivativeafter
3D elevation; and
, process, and integrateafter
acquire.
Section 5(b)(3) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(b)(3)) is amended—
by redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as subparagraphs (E) and (F), respectively; and
by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following:
the 3D Hydrography Program Working Group;
Section 5(d)(3) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(d)(3)) is amended by striking publically
and inserting publicly
.
Section 5(e) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(e)) is amended by striking 2024
and inserting 2030
.