SJRES 114
A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.
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Bill overview
This joint resolution urges the President to remove U.S. Armed Forces from any ongoing hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran. It emphasizes that Congress holds the sole power to declare war and that military actions in Iran require explicit congressional authorization. The resolution specifically references an instance where military action occurred without such authorization, highlighting the need for congressional oversight. It allows for exceptions regarding defense against attacks on the U.S. or its allies, intelligence gathering, and providing defensive support to partner nations.
Key provisions
- Directs the President to remove U.S. Armed Forces from hostilities in Iran absent congressional authorization.
- Reinforces Congress’s sole power to declare war.
- Addresses the 2026 air strikes in Iran as a violation of the War Powers Resolution.
- Permits defense against attacks on the U.S. and its personnel/facilities.
- Authorizes intelligence gathering and sharing with allies regarding Iranian threats.
- Allows assistance to partner nations in intercepting retaliatory attacks.
- Authorizes defensive materiel support to partner nations.
Who is affected
- United States Armed Forces
- Islamic Republic of Iran
- Congress
- U.S. Allies and Partners
- U.S. Citizens
Notable changes
- Specifically addresses the 2026 air strikes in Iran as a potential violation of the War Powers Resolution.
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119th CONGRESS — 2d Session
S. J. RES. 114
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
JOINT RESOLUTION
To direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.
Congress makes the following findings:
Congress has the sole power to declare war under article I, section 8, clause 11 of the United States Constitution.
The President has a constitutional responsibility to take actions to defend the United States and its territories, possessions, citizens, servicemembers, and diplomats from attack.
Congress has not declared war upon Iran or any person or organization within Iran, nor enacted a specific statutory authorization for the use of military force within or against Iran.
On February 28, 2026, President Trump ordered the United States Armed Forces to conduct air strikes inside Iran’s territory, declaring that the strikes would be massive and ongoing
and describing the circumstances as war
, without congressional authorization.
This use of military force within or against Iran constitutes the introduction of United States Armed Forces into hostilities within the meaning of section 4(a) of the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1543(a)).
Section 1013 of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (50 U.S.C. 1546a) provides that any joint resolution or bill requiring the removal of United States Armed Forces from imminent engagement in hostilities without a declaration of war or specific statutory authorization shall be considered in accordance with the expedited procedures under section 601(b) of the International Security and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94–329).
Pursuant to section 1013 of the Department of State Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (50 U.S.C. 1546a), and in accordance with section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 (Public Law 94–329), Congress hereby directs the President to remove the United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against Iran, unless explicitly authorized by a declaration of war or a specific authorization for use of military force.
Nothing in this section may be construed to prevent the United States from—
defending against an attack on the United States or its personnel or facilities in other nations;
collecting, analyzing, or sharing intelligence, including with partner countries who have been attacked by Iran since February 28, 2026, and other nations and international organizations as appropriate, related to threats from Iran or its proxies; or
assisting partner countries who have been attacked by Iran since February 28, 2026, and other nations—
in intercepting retaliatory attacks upon their territory by Iran or its proxies; or
by providing defensive materiel support for such defensive measures.